Background and purpose: Differences of race, region and type of diet can be effective in the urinary excretion of calcium. Calcium stones are the most common kidney stones. The most common metabolic disorder predisposing to stone formation is hypercalcuiria. The aim of this study was to comparison the urine level of calcium to creatinine ratio in children suffering from urolithiasis and the control group. Materials and methods: In this case-control study, the children of 1 month to 15 years of age with urinary stone returned to Nephrology clinic of Taleghani Hospital (Gorgan, Iran), as case group, and other children referred to this center without kidney stone in urinary tract in ultrasonography, as controls, were studied. The ratio of calcium to creatinine was analyzed in 202 cases and 302 controls. Data were analyzed using chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: In the age groups of under 7 month (27.5% vs. 4%), 7 month to 2 years (33.3% vs. 0%), and older than two year (73.5% vs. 14.4%), calcium to creatinine ratio was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that the ratio of urine calcium to urine creatinine in children suffering from urolithiasis was higher than control group. Therefore, using this ratio to screen amonge predisposed cases can be suggested.

Keywords: Kideny stone, ratio of urine calcium to creatinine, hypercalcuiria

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