Background and purpose: Heart failure (HF) is a serious issue concerning public health in all countries. Assessment and monitoring of mortality and influencing factors are of great importance in HF treatment programs. This study was conducted to determine the incidence of HF and the associated factors in Iran. Materials and methods: In this study, we did two main, independent analyses. One was a cohort analysis and the other a nested case-control. The study population included 1691 patients with HF (case group) and 6464 individuals without HF (control group). They were recruited from a hospital-based cohort in cardiology wards of hospitals across Iran in 2012. Results: The incidence rate and the 95% confidence interval of HF was 8.1: 95%CI: 7.7-8.5 in study population (per 100 person-year). HF Incidence was higher in women than that of the men (95% 8.6: 7.9-9.4 and 95% CI: 7.9: 7.5-8.3, respectively). The highest incidence of HF was observed in Khouzestan and Guilan provinces (9.05 and 7.51, per 100 person-year, respectively) while the lowest incidence was found in Zanjan and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad (0.47 per 100 person-year). We found atrial fibrillation (AF), coronary artery bypass grafting, and ventricular tachycardia with highest contribution to mortality in patients with HF. Cerebral vascular attack, diabetes type II, hypertension, and the occurrence of disease in cold seasons were among the main determinants for HF incidence. Conclusion: This study showed different distribution of HF in different parts of Iran. The study suggests that identifying the risk factors predicting the incidence of HF could play a major role in developing efficient programs to reduce the rate of mortality due to HF.

Keywords: Heart failure, myocardial infarction, Iran

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