Showing 4 results for Heydarian
Tayebeh Ghanavati, Keyhan Ghatreh-Samani, Effat Farrokhi, Esfandyar Heydarian, Morteza Nikookar,
Volume 25, Issue 129 (10-2015)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Vascular calcification is an important factor in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Studies have shown that alkaline phosphatase increases vascular calcification. Here we investigated the effect of gallic acid on alkaline phosphatase gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).
Materials and methods: In this experimental study humans aorta VSMCs were incubated with beta glycerol phosphate as calcification-inducing media. Then these cells were treated with 160, 180 and 200 µMol concentration of gallic acid for 24h, 48h and 72h. The total RNA was extracted and cDNA was synthesized and then alkaline phosphatase expression was measured by real time PCR. Alkaline phosphatase specific activity was measured by spectrophotometry.
Results: Overall, 160, 180 and 200 µMol concentration of gallic acid decreased alkaline phosphatase gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cell by 1.98, 2.03, and 3.16 folds, respectively after 72h compared with the control group. The alkaline phosphatase specific activity also decreased compared to that of the control group.
Conclusion: Our results showed that gallic acid decreased the expression and activity of alkaline phosphatase suggesting that this antioxidant compound may attenuate vascular calcification.
Javad Heravian, Samira Heydarian, Monireh Mahjoob, Masoud Sadeghi, Seyed Mohammad Momeni,
Volume 25, Issue 132 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Age related macular degeneration is the most common cause of sever visual impairment and blindness among adults over the age of 65 years in developed countries. The purpose of this study was to review the literature on using low vision aids in age related macular degeneration and their effects on their quality of life.
Materials and methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus and Ovid databases was conducted to identify suitable articles published until April 2015. The search keywords included: age related macular degeneration combined by optical low vision aids, non-optical low vision aids, quality of life, preferred retinal locus, telescope, and microscope. Finally 76 articles were selected.
Results: Previous studies showed that age related macular degeneration can have profound effect on an individual’s quality of life, psychological wellbeing and ability to carry out daily tasks such as driving, face recognition, reading and so on. Although new medical treatments have improved AMD’s prognosis, but vision related disability remains a major problem and the majority of the treated patients do not regain their lost vision. So, optical devices could be used as alternative treatments to help these patients and improve their visual performance. Different low vision aids such as Implantable Miniature Telescopes are designed to help the involved patients.
Conclusion: Many studies that were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of these systems indicated the potential benefit of optical devices for patients with age related macular degeneration in improving their quality of life.
Rozita Davoodi, Kavian Ghandehari, Mohammad Reza Ghayeni, Mohammad Hossein Harirchian, Homan Bahar Vahdat, Sasan Nezhad, Azadeh Soltani Far, Golnaz Sabouri, Shaghayegh Rahmani, Mahboubeh Asadi, Maryam Zare Hosseini, Mohammad Hadi Saied Modaghegh, Elahe Ghayebie, Farhad Heydarian , Hava Abdollahi, Mahdi Farhodi,
Volume 28, Issue 167 (12-2018)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Lack of clear boundaries and standard reference about the diagnosis of stroke, necessary evaluations and interventions, effective treatments, and referral of stroke patients resulted in various inconsistent services. Therefore, this study aimed at developing practical national strategies for stroke in Iran.
Materials and methods: Clinical guidelines about diagnosis and management of stroke were extracted from different guidelines. Three guidelines were selected according to AGREE scoring system after quality assessment and evaluation of clinical guidelines. In order to adapt the guidelines, recommendations of the three clinical guidelines were recorded in the form of clinical questions. Evidence supporting each recommendation was identified based on references and compared in terms of initial outcomes. Cost of interventions, the side effects, and clinical benefits were also studied. Finally, the national guideline for management of stroke was developed.
Results: The results of this investigation were presented as clinical recommendations for diagnosis and management of stroke (2016). For example, strict control of blood glucose level and fever in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage was recommended in the guideline.
Conclusion: The current indigenous stroke guide for the Iranian population is believed to be of great benefit in screening, referral, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of stroke.
Fatemeh Rouhi, Samira Heydarian, Asadollah Farrokhfar, Reza Jafari,
Volume 34, Issue 232 (4-2024)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Premature birth is common worldwide and can affect the development of brain structures, such as the optic nerve. Eye diseases are very common in low birth weight children and premature children. Vision defects associated with premature birth include Retinopathy of premature babies (ROP), decreased visual acuity, strabismus, amblyopia, and various types of refractive errors. Studies have shown that the occurrence of myopia in children born prematurely is negatively correlated with gestational age and birth weight and is directly related to the severity of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP). Advances in neonatal intensive care unit services have led to a significant increase in the survival rate of premature infants and subsequent medical problems in these children. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of refractive errors in 4-6-year-old children born with a birth weight of less than 2000 grams and gestational age of less than 34 weeks and normal children admitted to the neonatal department of Bou-Ali Sina Hospital in Sari in 2016-2018.
Materials and methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study on 43 children aged 4-6 years who were born with a weight of less than 2000 grams and gestational age of less than 34 weeks, and 17 normal children who were admitted in the neonatal department of Bou-Ali Sina Hospital due to neonatal jaundice. The study subjects were in four groups: 12 subjects in group A (ROP cases without injection), 14 subjects in group B (ROP cases with injection), 17 subjects in group C (cases with birth weight less than 2000 grams and gestational age less than 34 weeks without ROP), and 17 normal subjects in group D. Uncorrected distance visual acuity was measured using E-chart. Dry and cyclo refraction (using cyclopentolate 1%) were measured using an autorefractometer. Finally, the fundus was examined using a biomicroscope and 90 diopter lens. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 26.
Results: of the 60 studied subjects, 46.67% were females and 53.33% were males, and there was no significant difference in the prevalence of the two sexes between the groups (P=0.146). In total, 12.1% of the studied subjects were myopie, 34.5% were emmetrope, and 53/4% were hypermetrope. Although the prevalence of hypermetropia was higher than other types of refractive errors in all groups, the prevalence of myopia was higher in those with ROP than in groups without ROP, and there was a significant difference in the prevalence of refractive errors in different groups (P=0.025). There was no significant difference between the prevalence of the different types of astigmatism in the studied groups (P=0.304) and with the rule astigmatism was the most common type among all groups. There was a significant and direct relationship between gestational age and birth weight with cyclo-equivalent sphere, which means that the lesser gestational age (P=0.356, r=0.006) and birth weight (P=0.002, r=0.387), the higher the probability of myopia.
Conclusion: Considering the higher prevalence of myopia in low birth weight children, especially in children with ROP, it is necessary to formulate a regular program to screen this category of children to prevent refractive errors, especially myopia in the future.
