fa ساخت و ارزیابی خواص ساختاری، مکانیکی و بیولوژیکی گویچه‌های کیتوزان-هیدروکسی آپاتیت-ژلاتین حاوی وانکومایسین جهت درمان موضعی استئومیلیت استخوانی داروسازی Pharmacy پژوهشي-کامل Research(Original) <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="line-height:115%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span arial="" lang="FA" style="font-family:">&nbsp;</span></b></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="FA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">سابقه</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> و هدف:</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">دارورسانی موضعی آنتی</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">بیوتیک</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">ها روش جایگزین در درمان عفونت‌های استخوانی مطرح شده است. در حال حاضر زیست مواد متعددی برای دارورسانی موضعی مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. هدف از مطالعه حاضر، تهیه و <span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">بررسی خصوصیات گویچه‌های کیتوزان</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">(CS)</span></span></span></span><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> و کیتوزان-هیدروکسی آپاتیت- ژلاتین حاوی وانکومایسین (</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">(CS/G/HA/VCM</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">در درمان استئومیلیت بود.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:#0e101a"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">مواد و روش</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">ها:</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">گویچه</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">ها با روش ایجاد اتصال متقاطع به واسطه ژل شدن یونوتروپیک تهیه شدند. خواص ساختاری و مکانیکی آن</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. میزان بارگیری وانکومایسین، پروفایل آزادسازی وانکومایسین از گویچه</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">های حاوی دارو و فعالیت آنتی</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">باکتریال و میزان سمیت در ساختارهای تولیدی ارزیابی شد.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#1f4e79"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">یافته</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">‌</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">ها:</span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">لیوفیلیزه کردن </span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">گویچه</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">ها</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"> در بیش‌تر موارد سبب </span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">کاهش در مساحت، محیط گویچه</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">ها شده است</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"> و گویچه </span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">CS/G/HA/VCM</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">مساحت (</span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">mm²</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">4/5) </span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">و کرویت (</span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">&micro;m</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">180) کم</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">تری نسبت به بقیه </span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">گویچه</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">ها</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"> داشت. تصاویر </span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">SEM</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">تاییدکننده مورفولوژی مناسب و تخلخل قابل قبول در </span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">گویچه</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">های</span></span></span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">CS/G/HA</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">و </span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">CS/G</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">بود. افزودن وانکومایسین به </span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">گویچه</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">ها</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">، باعث ایجاد حالت شکننده <span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">در </span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">آن</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">ها</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> شد که این تغییرات در گویچه </span></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">CS/G/HA/VCM</span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">کم‌تر بود. همچنین در روز 14مطالعه، میزان رهش دارو در گویچه</span></span></span></span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">CS/G/HA/VCM</span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">58 درصد بود. نتایج تست مکانیکی نشان داد که افزودن وانکومایسین به گویچه </span></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">CS/VCM</span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">(</span></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">MPa</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">55/1) </span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">و </span></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">CS/G/VCM</span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">(</span></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">MPa</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">46/10) </span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">سبب کاهش استحکام مکانیکی </span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">آن</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">‌</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">ها</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> و افزودن این دارو به گویچه </span></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">CS/G/HA/VCM</span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">سبب افزایش استحکام مکانیکی (</span></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">MPa</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">83/21)</span></span></span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"> عدم سمیت تست سمیت </span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">گویچه</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">ها</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal"> پس از لیوفیلیزه شدن در برابر </span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">سلول</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">های</span></span></span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">NIH 3T3</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="font-weight:normal">تایید شد. نتایج تست میکروبی در <span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">برابر باکتری گرم مثبت استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس نشان داد که گویچه‌های کیتوزان حاوی دارو (</span></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">CS/VCM</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">، </span></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">CS/G/VCM</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">،</span></span></span></span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">CS/G/HA/VCM</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">) به شکل معناداری نسبت به کنترل مثبت(وانکومایسین 5 درصد) افزایش در مساحت هاله عدم رشد داشتند(0/001</span></span></span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="X-NONE" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">P<</span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">استنتاج:</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده ساختار </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:72%"><span style="color:black">CS/G/HA/VCM</span></span></span><span style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"> احتمالا بتواند </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">به‌عنوان کاندیدای مناسبی برای کاهش و درمان عفونت</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black">های استئومیلیت معرفی شود.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height:72%"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="color:black"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">&nbsp;</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">Background and purpose:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">Topical antibiotic medication is an alternative method in treatment of local infections, especially osteomyelitis. Currently several biomaterials are used for this purpose. The present study focused on the fabrication and characterization of chitosan and Vancomycin (VCM)-loaded chitosan (CS)-hydroxyapatite (HA)-gelatin (G) bead in treatment of osteomyelitis.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">Materials and methods:</span></span></span></b><b> </b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">CS/G/HA/VCM scaffold was prepared by cross-linking using ionotropic gelling. The morphological and mechanical properties, loading efficiency and antibacterial properties were investigated and toxicity assay of fabricated structure was also analyzed.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">Results:</span></span></span></b><b> </b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">The lyophilization reduced the area, environment, and sphericity of beads. CS/G/HA/VCM </span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">structure showed smaller area (4.5 mm2) and perimeter (180 &micro;m) compared to other structures. Suitable morphology and porosity in fabricated beads were confirmed by SEM images in CS/G/HA and CS/G structures. Reduction of strength was observed after adding VCM into fabricated structure, but this happened less in CS/G/HA/VCM structure. Release on day 14 was 58% for CS/G/HA/VCM structure. AddingVCM into CS/VCM (1.88 Mpa) and CS/G/VCM (10.46 Mpa) structures decreased the mechanical strength while it increased the mechanical strength in CS/G/HA/VCM (83.21 Mpa) structure. No toxic activity of fabricated structures was seen against NIH 3T3 cells</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%">. The results of the antimicrobial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> showed that chitosan beads containing VCM (CS/VCM, CS/G/VCM, CS/G/HA/VCM) could significantly inhibit the growth of <i>S. aureus</i> compared to the positive control (VCM 5%)(P<0.001).</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="vertical-align:top"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span arial="" style="font-family:">onclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"> According to current study, the CS/G/HA/VCM structure can be introduced as a promising candidate in treatment of osteomyelitis.<i></i></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; گویچه, استئومیلیت, وانکومایسین, هیدروکسی آپاتیت bead, osteomyelitis, vancomycin, hydroxyapatite 1 18 http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-11-15930-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Nafiseh Jirofti نفیسه جیرفتی Nafise.jirofti@gmail.com 1003194753284600154273 1003194753284600154273 No PhD in Chemical Engineering, Orthopedic Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran. Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran دکترای تخصصی مهندسی شیمی، گروه ارتوپدی، دانشکده پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات ارتوپدی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران . مرکز تحقیقات بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشکده فناوری دارویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران Azadeh Shahroodi آزاده شاهرودی zizi.shahroodi@gmail.com 1003194753284600154274 1003194753284600154274 No MSc in Microbiology, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran کارشناسی ارشد میکروب شناسی، گروه فارماسیوتیکس، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران Jebreil Movaffagh جبرائیل موفق MovaffaghJ@mums.ac.ir 1003194753284600154275 1003194753284600154275 No Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran . Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran استاد، گروه فارماسیوتیکس، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz بی بی صدیقه فضلی بزاز fazlis@mums.ac.ir 1003194753284600154276 1003194753284600154276 No Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran مرکز تحقیقات بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشکده فناوری دارویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.استاد،گروه کنترل داروئی، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران Rezvan Yazdian-Robati رضوان یزدیان رباطی yazdianr921@gmail.com 1003194753284600154277 1003194753284600154277 No Assistant Professor, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات علوم دارویی، پژوهشکده هموگلوبینوپاتی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ساری، ایران Maryam Hashemi مریم هاشمی HashemiM@mums.ac.ir 1003194753284600154278 1003194753284600154278 Yes Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran . Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran استادیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی دارویی، دانشکده داروسازی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران . مرکز تحقیقات نانوفناوری، پژوهشکده فناوری دارویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران