fa تأثیر فاژئوم بر میکروبیوم روده و سلامت انسان؛ مرور روایی ميکروبيولوژي Microbiology مروری Review <span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">سابقه و هدف:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">میکروبیوم روده انسان اکوسیستمی پیچیده و پویا از باکتری</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ها، ویروس</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ها، قارچ</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ها و آرکی</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">هاست که در تنظیم متابولیسم و مقاومت در برابر کلونیزاسیون نقش دارد</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">.</span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">اگر چه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بخش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">باکتریایی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">میکروبیوم</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">طی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">دو</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">دهه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">گذشته</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">به</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">طور</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">گسترده</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بررسی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">شده</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">است، </span></span><span lang="FA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">اما</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">جزء</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ویروسی آن</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">(فاژئوم) تاکنون کم‌تر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">شناخته</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">شده</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">است. شواهد</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">نوظهور</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">نشان</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">می</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">دهد</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">فاژها</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">با</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">تنظیم</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">جمعیت</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">های</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">میکروبی،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">انتقال</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">افقی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ژن،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">تغییر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">خروجی</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">های</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">متابولیک</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">اثرگذاری</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">تعاملات</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">میزبان میکروب در</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">سلامت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بیماری</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">انسان</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">نقش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">داشته</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">باشند.</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> مرور روایی حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش فاژئوم روده در تنظیم میکروبیوم و تأثیر آن بر سلامت انسان انجام شده است.</span></span><span lang="FA"><span b="" roya="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">مواد و روش </span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">‌</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">ها:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">این</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">مرور</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">روایی،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">مطالعات بین</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">سال</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">های</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">۲۰۰۰</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">تا</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">۲۰۲۵</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">را</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">از</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">پایگاه</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">های </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">PubMed</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">، </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">Scopus</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">،</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"> Web of Science </span><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">&nbsp;و</span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"> Google Scholar </span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">به</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">صورت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">موضوعی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">مورد بررسی قرار داد.</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">مطالعات</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">اساس</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">نقش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">فاژها</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">در</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">شکل</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">دهی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ترکیب</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">میکروبیوم،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">مشارکت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">در</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">دیس</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بیوزیس</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بیماری</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">های</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">مرتبط و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">کاربردهای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بالقوه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">فاژتراپی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">طبقه</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بندی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">شدند.</span></span><span lang="FA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">یافته</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">‌</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">ها:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">فاژهای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">روده</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">از</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">طریق</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">چرخه</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">های</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">لیتیک</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">لیزوژنیک،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">انتقال</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">افقی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ژن،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">تغییر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">توان</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">زیستی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">باکتری</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ها</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">حمل</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ژن</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">های متابولیکی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">می</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">توانند</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">اکولوژی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">روده</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">را</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بازآرایی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">کنند. این</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">فرآیندها</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ممکن</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">است</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">تولید</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">اسیدهای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">چرب</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">زنجیره</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">کوتاه،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">متابولیسم</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">اسیدهای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">صفراوی،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">سیگنال</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">دهی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ایمنی،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">نفوذپذیری</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">روده</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">مقاومت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">در</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">برابر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">پاتوژن</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ها</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">اثر</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بگذارند.</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">تغییرات</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">فاژئوم</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">در</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بیماری</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">های</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">التهابی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">روده،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">عفونت</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">های</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">روده</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">برخی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">اختلالات</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">متابولیک</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">مانند</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">چاقی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">دیابت</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">نوع</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">۲</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">گزارش</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">شده</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">است.</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">با</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">این</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">حال،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">در</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بسیاری</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">از</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">این</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">حوزه</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ها</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">شواهد</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">عمدتاً</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">مشاهده</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">ای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">یا</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">پیش</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">بالینی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">است</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">رابطه</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">علّی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">به</span></span><span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">‌</span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">طور</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">قطعی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">اثبات</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">نشده</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">است.</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span lang="FA"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">استنتاج:</span></span></span></b> <span b="" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family:" zar="">فاژئوم روده یکی از اجزای فعال و اثرگذار میکروبیوم است و در حفظ هموستاز میکروبی، تنظیم پاسخ‌های ایمنی و بروز برخی بیماری‌ها نقش داشته باشد. بهره‌گیری از این دانش در توسعه درمان‌های دقیق مبتنی بر میکروبیوم مستلزم انجام کارآزمایی‌های بالینی کنترل ‌شده، استانداردسازی روش‌های ویرومیکس و ارزیابی دقیق ایمنی و اثربخشی فاژتراپی است</span>.</span></span></span></span></span> <span style="line-height:2;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt">Background and purpose:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt">The human gut microbiome is a complex and dynamic ecosystem composed of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and archaea that plays a fundamental role in metabolism, immune regulation, and colonization resistance. Although the bacterial component has been extensively investigated over the past two decades, the viral component, particularly the gut phageome, remains comparatively understudied. Emerging evidence suggests that bacteriophages regulate microbial communities, facilitate horizontal gene transfer, modulate metabolic functions, and influence host-microbe interactions, thereby contributing to both health and disease. This narrative review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of the gut phageome in microbiome regulation and its implications for human health.<span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">Materials and methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt">A narrative review was conducted through a systematic search of studies published between 2000 and 2025 in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies were reviewed and categorized based on the roles of bacteriophages in shaping gut microbial composition, contributing to dysbiosis and disease, and their therapeutic potential, particularly in phage therapy.<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">Results:</span></span></span></b><b> </b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Gut bacteriophages influence intestinal ecology through their lytic and lysogenic life cycles, horizontal gene transfer, modulation of bacterial fitness, and carriage of auxiliary metabolic genes. These mechanisms may affect short-chain fatty acid production, bile acid metabolism, immune signaling, intestinal barrier integrity, and resistance to pathogenic colonization. Alterations in the gut phageome have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease, enteric infections, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. However, most available evidence remains observational or preclinical, and causal relationships have yet to be firmly established.</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:125%"></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">Conclusion:</span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt">The gut phageome is an active and influential component of the intestinal microbiome that may contribute to microbial homeostasis, immune regulation, and disease pathogenesis. Translating these findings into precision microbiome-based therapies will require well-designed randomized controlled clinical trials, standardized viromics methodologies, and rigorous evaluation of the safety and efficacy of phage-based interventions.</span></span></span></span> فاژئوم, میکروبیوتای روده, سلامت انسان, فاژتراپی, بیماری‌های عفونی, سیستم ایمنی, بیماری‌های متابولیک Phageome, gut microbiota, human health, phage therapy, infectious diseases, immune system, metabolic diseases 184 199 http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-9918-11&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Golnar Rahimzadeh گلنار رحیم زاده rahimzadehgolnar@yahoo.com 1003194753284600187537 1003194753284600187537 No Assistant Professor, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات عفونی اطفال، پژوهشکده بیماری های واگیر، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ساری، ایران Mohammad Sadegh Rezai محمدصادق رضایی drmsrezaii@yahoo.com 1003194753284600187538 1003194753284600187538 Yes Professor, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran استاد، مرکز تحقیقات عفونی اطفال، پژوهشکده بیماری های واگیر، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ساری، ایران