Volume 36, Issue 257 (5-2026)
J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2026, 36(257): 52-65 |
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Jamshidi I, Afarinesh M R, Darijani F, Baghalishahi M, Mirzaei V, Pourjafari F, et al . Effects of Co-Administration of Hydroalcoholic Pistachio Extract and Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Cognitive and Motor Functions and Neuronal Histology in the Hippocampus and Cerebellum of Male Rats. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2026; 36 (257) :52-65
URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-22713-en.html
URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-22713-en.html
Ilnaz Jamshidi 
, Mohammad Reza Afarinesh , Fatemeh Darijani , Masoumeh Baghalishahi , Vida Mirzaei , Fahimeh Pourjafari , Tahereh Haghpanah , Mansoureh Sabzalizadeh , Ali Shamsara *
, Mohammad Reza Afarinesh , Fatemeh Darijani , Masoumeh Baghalishahi , Vida Mirzaei , Fahimeh Pourjafari , Tahereh Haghpanah , Mansoureh Sabzalizadeh , Ali Shamsara *
Abstract: (227 Views)
Background and purpose: Age-related neurodegenerative diseases are significant public health challenges and are often associated with oxidative stress and hippocampal damage. Pistachio extract and omega-3 fatty acids individually exhibit neuroprotective properties. This study examines the combined impact of pistachio extract and omega-3 fatty acids on oxidative stress, motor function, and memory in rats.
Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 40 adult male rats aged 32 weeks, weighing 375 ± 25 g on average, were randomly divided into five groups: control (no treatment), vehicle, pistachio extract recipients, omega-3 recipients, and a combination group that received both treatments simultaneously. Motor activity, balance, and memory were assessed. In addition, serum levels of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, as well as cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), were evaluated. Histopathologically, hippocampal pyramidal neurons and cerebellar Purkinje cells were examined.
Results: Behavioral results showed that the combination of pistachio extract and omega-3 improved memory performance in the novel object recognition test and passive avoidance test in the shuttle box, and increased motor activity in the open field test compared with the vehicle group. Omega-3 alone improved motor balance in the rotarod test. Biochemical tests showed that the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes increased in the treatment groups. The triglyceride level was higher in the combined group compared with the other groups. Histological studies showed that damaged cells were present in the hippocampus and cerebellum of the control and vehicle groups, and both individual and combined administration of the extract and omega-3 reduced the number of damaged cells.
Conclusion: Co-administration of pistachio extract and omega-3 may improve motor and cognitive functions by increasing antioxidant capacity.
Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 40 adult male rats aged 32 weeks, weighing 375 ± 25 g on average, were randomly divided into five groups: control (no treatment), vehicle, pistachio extract recipients, omega-3 recipients, and a combination group that received both treatments simultaneously. Motor activity, balance, and memory were assessed. In addition, serum levels of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, as well as cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), were evaluated. Histopathologically, hippocampal pyramidal neurons and cerebellar Purkinje cells were examined.
Results: Behavioral results showed that the combination of pistachio extract and omega-3 improved memory performance in the novel object recognition test and passive avoidance test in the shuttle box, and increased motor activity in the open field test compared with the vehicle group. Omega-3 alone improved motor balance in the rotarod test. Biochemical tests showed that the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes increased in the treatment groups. The triglyceride level was higher in the combined group compared with the other groups. Histological studies showed that damaged cells were present in the hippocampus and cerebellum of the control and vehicle groups, and both individual and combined administration of the extract and omega-3 reduced the number of damaged cells.
Conclusion: Co-administration of pistachio extract and omega-3 may improve motor and cognitive functions by increasing antioxidant capacity.
Type of Study: Research(Original) |
Subject:
histology
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