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Background and purpose: The most important underlying cause of death in diabetic patients is the lack of self-care. One way to assess self-care skills in diabetic patients is the measurement of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Different training programs are implemented to improve self-care behavior, however, the role of nurses in such trainings and counseling is neglected. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of group education versus group counseling for self-care on HbA1c in patients with diabetes type II. Materials and methods: In a clinical trial, 112 patients with type II diabetes mellitus attending Mashhad Parsian Diabetes Clinic in 2014 who were selected by convenience sampling. They were randomly allocated into three groups, counseling (n= 37), education (n = 37) and control (n= 38). Group counseling and group education were held for five sessions (1.5 hours each) every three days, in groups consisting of 8 to 10 patients. HbA1c test was performed before and two months after the intervention. Data was analyzed in SPSS V. 11.5 applying Paired sample T Test and ANOVA. Results: The groups did not show any significant differences in HbA1c levels before the intervention (P=0.133). But after the intervention, the HbA1c levels decreased significantly in patients who had group counseling (8.3±0.9) and group education (8.5±1.1) compared to the control group (9.1±1.4) (P=0.016). Conclusion: This study showed that group education and group counseling improved self-care behaviors in patients with diabetes, therefore, they could be highly beneficial when integrated into an educational program.

Keywords: Group counseling, group education, self-care, glycated hemoglobin, diabetes type II

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