Background and purpose: Air pollution is one of the most important environmental factors threatening human health that cause short and long term health effects and various diseases. The present study aimed at investigating and quantifying the health consequences associated with exposure to O3, NO2, and SO2 in ambient air in Tehran, 2014, using the air quality (Air Q) model.

Materials and methods: A descriptive–analytic study was performed in which hourly data of pollutants were taken from Tehran environmental protection agency and Air Quality Control Company. Data was validated according to the WHO guidelines. Statistical parameters were calculated for quantifying health effects. Then, processed data was converted for Air Q model.  

Results: The highest cumulative cases of mortality was due to NO₂ (n= 1274, attributable proportion= 2.51). Also, cumulative cases of hospital admission due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were attributed to O₃ (n= 240 cases, attributable proportion= 2.54). The number of heart attack cases due to SO₂ was 225.

Conclusion: According to the growing trend of air pollution, resultant mortality rate, and adverse effects more efficient solutions are required to control and reduce air pollution in Tehran.