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Abstract Background and purpose: Suitable diets during adolescence are effective in providing nutritional needs, and allowing physical and mental growth in adolescents, and in preventing chronic diseases in adulthood. Some studies suggest a relationship between nutritional status and composition of blood lipids. This study was designed to investigate the association between intake of different food groups and composition of blood lipids in adolescents. Materials and methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 312 adolescents aged 10-18 years old were selected using random cluster sampling in 2011. Nutritional and biochemical information was collected for all participants and analyzed using SPSS V. 16. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 15.07±2.42 years and there were 51% female and 49% male. Significant correlation was found between intake of bread and cereals (P=0.001), milk and dairy products (P=0.047), and vegetable groups (P=0.021) with HDL cholesterol levels in adolescents. Conclusion: According to this study nutritional status of the studied adolescents should be improved. Paying more attention to quality and variety of dietary intake could have important effects on modifying the risk factors for various diseases in this age group.

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Background and purpose: Sleep plays a major role in maintaining health and improving academic performance and behavior in adolescents. Studies on the relationship between diet and sleep quality are not consistent. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between sleep quality and consumption of macronutrients and micronutrients in adolescents.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 319 individuals (10-18 years of age) selected by multistage random cluster sampling in Minoodar district, Qazvin, Iran 2010-2011. Dietary pattern was assessed using food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and information on food intake was obtained using Nutrition 4, Version 3.5.2. Sleep quality was assessed by BEARS questionnaire. Data analysis was performed applying T-test.
Results: The research population included 162 (50.8%) females. The mean age of the participants was 15±2.43 years. Amon the cases studied 302 were found with low-quality sleep. There was no significant relationship between sleep quality and calorie, and intake of micronutrients and macronutrient (P>0.05). The mean intake of omega-3 fatty acids in subjects with good-quality sleep was higher than that in the subjects with low-quality sleep (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Appropriate intake of omega-3 fatty acid was associated with high-quality sleep. There was no relationship between sleep quality and consumption of micronutrients and macronutrients.
 
 

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Apert syndrome is a rare kind of craniosynostosis which is identified with fusion of cranial sutures during prematurity period and causes physical and intellectual disorders in younger ages. These patients may show symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea due to abnormal craniofacial shape. This article introduces a patient with Apert syndrome, with apnea symptoms, cyanosis, snoring, restlessness, night sweating, repeated sleep interrupts, and daytime irritability. Polysomnography was used due to a suspicious obstructive sleep apnea. The results were as follows: Arousal index: 3.27/h, RDI: 6.51/h, and Lowest oxygen saturation: 46%. CPAP with EPAP: 8cmH2o was used for the patient in sleeping time. Later test results and symptoms of the condition improved remarkably. Approximately 40% of patients with Apert syndrome have the symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea mainly because of mid face hypoplasia, but it can be related to changes of laryngopharynx, larynx, tracheobronchomalacia, and other abnormalities. If the condition is left untreated, obstructive sleep apnea can cause interruptive sleeping, repeated infections, delay in growth and cognition, and more importantly Cor pulmonale and sudden death in sleeping. Therefore, polysomnography must be considered and the patient should be under supervision.