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Background and purpose: One of the health concerns is sports injury which is also the most issues for sports medicine specialists. Due to the effect of acute or chronic sports injuries in professional life and even individuals, the occurrence of sports injuries in Mazandaran the province was studied. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Data were derived from hospitals and outpatient records which were sent to province sports medicine board during 2011-2012. The nature of sports injuries was classified according to the International Classification of Disease (ICD-10). Various sports were divided into pairs grouping and individually. Results: During 1 year, 288 records in which 188 (%65.3) were outpatients and 100 (%43l7) inpatients. The median of age was 21±8 years. Most of the nature of injuries was fractures 140 (48.6%), the injured site was the upper limb 98 (34%), upper limb 91 (31.6), multiple sites 51 (17.5 %), head and neck 38 (13%), and 10 (3.5%) cases were related to spine. The most cause of injuries of 191 cases (66.3%) was due to other causes such as bad nutrition, spasm, no prepration, non standard equipment, spoiled flooring, error in landing. Conclusion: The results showed that the fracture which is a severe injury and need more cost for treatment was the most sports injury. For prevention programs we need to have a systemic method of recording and reporting of injuries.

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Background and purpose: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the major reason for abnormal liver function and is associated with obesity. Omentin (ITLN1) gene is highly expressed in visceral adipose tissue. The plasma omentin level is inversely correlated with obesity and serum omentin is elevated in patients with fatty liver diseases. This study investigated the association between Val109Asp polymorphism in omentin gene and susceptibility to NAFLD.

Materials and methods: This case-control study was carried out in 94 patients with NAFLD (45 women aged 20-83 and 49 men aged 21-66) and 188 healthy participants (90 women aged 19-81 and 98 men aged 20-65). Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples. The omentin gene Val109Asp polymorphism was determined using PCR-RFLP method. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between omentin gene Val109Asp polymorphism and susceptibility to NAFLD.

Results: In control and NAFLD groups the frequencies of Asp allele were 0.77 and 0.67 and Val allele frequencies were 23% and 33%, respectively. Significant association was found between Val allele and susceptibility to NAFLD (OR: 1.6, 95%CI: 1.1-2.4, P= 0.01). Also, the results showed that Asp/Val genotype is associated with increased risk of NAFLD (OR: 2.07, 95%CI: 1.2-3.5, P= 0.005).

Conclusion: Omentin gene Val109Asp polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to NAFLD.

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Background and purpose: Pain relief and reducing the interventions during labor is an essential aspect of obstetric care. Acupressure is one of the methods that is used to reduce pain and facilitate delivery. This study was designed to investigate the effect of acupressure before the onset of labor on the use of analgesics and oxytocin in term nulliparous women.

Materials and methods: In this clinical trial, 162 pregnant women without any symptoms of labor were randomly divided into three groups: acupressure, sham acupressure and control group. The subjects were selected from Shahid Akbar Abadi Hospital in Tehran, 2015. Acupressure was performed in the Sp6, BL32, and BL60 at 39-40 weeks of gestation in low risk participants. They were then followed during labor. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS 22.0 applying Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis and ANOVA.

Results: The use of analgesics during labor in the acupressure, sham acupressure, and control groups were 30%, 42%, and 50%, respectively and the Kruskal-Wallis test did not show a significant difference between the groups (P = 0.122). The use of oxytocin was 54% in the acupressure group, 58% in sham acupressure, and 78% in those who received routine care indicating statistically significant differences between the three groups (P = 0.028). The use of oxytocin was found to be lower in acupressure group compared with other groups.

Conclusion: Acupressure before labor decreased the consumption of oxytocin during labor. So it could be beneficial in decreasing interventions during labor.

(Clinical Trials Registry Number: IRCT2015042321904N1)

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Background and purpose: Endometriosis is a benign disorder defined by the presence of endometrial tissue out of pelvic cavity and is related to debilitating pelvic pain and infertility. MiRNAs, are a cluster of small endogenous noncoding RNA that bind to 3׳ UTR of target mRNA and cause mRNA degradation or repressing translation of mRNA. Mir-126 is a type of miRNA that is involved in many vital processes such as invasion and angiogenesis. In this study, mir-126 rs4636297 G/A gene polymorphism was compared between infertile women with endometriosis and healthy women.

Materials and methods: This analytical study was done in 72 infertile women with endometriosis and 252 healthy women as a control group. After extraction of genomic DNA from peripheral blood samples, desired polymorphism was genotyped using Tetra-ARMS-PCR method. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS ver. 17. Genotype distributions and allelic frequencies of mir-126 rs4636297 gene polymorphism were compared between patient and control groups by Logistic regression analysis.

Results: A significant association was found between A allele of rs4636297 mir-126 polymorphism and endometriosis (OR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-0.84, P= 0.005). In the dominant model of A allele (comparison between AA+AG VS. GG), AA+AG had protective effect on endometriosis (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28-0.82, P= 0.007).

Conclusion: There is a significant association between rs4636297 mir-126 polymorphism and susceptibility to endometriosis.

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Background and purpose: Brucellosis is a systemic infection caused by gram-negative coccobacilli and facultative intracellular bacteria of the genus Brucella. Interleukin-17 is one of the important cytokines that plays a role in controlling host immune response in patients with brucellosis. The aim of this study was to investigate polymorphism of the genes encoding IL-17 in patients with brucellosis compared to healthy subjects.
Materials and methods: This case-control study included 86 patients with brucellosis who were selected based on clinical symptoms, serology, culture and PCR results. The control group composed of 86 healthy people. The polymorphism gene encoding Interleukin-17 was evaluated in both groups by PCR-RELP method.
Results: Current study showed that the frequencies of AA [OR=0.047 (95%CI: 0.01-0.12)] and GG [OR=337.20 (95%CI: 20.49-5541.39] were significant at position -1998 (G/A) in both cases and controls [P-values (AA) and (GG) = 0.001]. But, the frequency of AA genotypes in the control group was greater than the frequency of GG genotype in patients. The odds ratio for catching brucellosis in people who have genotype GG was 41 times higher than those who have genotype AA.
Conclusion: Findings showed that, AA and AG genotypes at -1998 (A/G) position are more important. So, the risk of brucellosis in people with GG genotype at position -1998 was higher than that in people with AA genotype. In other words, people with AA genotype are more protected against brucellosis at this position.

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Background and purpose: Colorectal cancer ( CRC ) is highly prevalent and conventional therapies are associated with side effects, therefore, application of novel complementary treatment such as probiotics (especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is necessary. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of heat-killed form of S.cerevisiae on growing rate and apoptosis (expression levels of PTEN and RelA) in colon cancer cell line HT29.
Materials and methods: In this experimental study, the cytotoxic effects of heat-killed form of S.cerevisiae and Fluorouracil (5-FU), as positive control, were tested by MTT assay. Apoptosis induction was investigated by determining the PTEN and RelA expression levels using qRT-PCR. Data were analyzed in GraphPad Prism Software.
Results: Heat killed form of S.cerevisiae showed anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect by decreasing the expression levels of RelA and increasing PTEN expression levels in HT-29 cells. The expression levels were found to be significantly different between the intervention groups and controls.
Conclusion: The yeast probiotics could decrease the growth rate of colorectal cancer cells and play key role in induction of apoptosis via regulation of RelA and PTEN.   

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Background and purpose: Depression is one of the significant and common disorders in the elderly. Considering that nutrition plays a crucial role not only in the onset but also in the severity and duration of the depressive episode, the aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) as an alternative indicator of healthy eating and the dietary quality score with depression in the elderly residents of Shiraz.
Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study on 80 older adults living in Shiraz, information regarding people's dietary intake was gathered with a 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Adherence to healthy eating patterns was assessed using HEI. Diet quality was assessed by DQI-I, which includes four main components of the diet. For evaluating depression, the Beck Depression test was used. The association between food indices and depression was assessed by linear regression in two crude and adjusted models.
Results: Of the 80 people studied, 50% were women. The mean and standard deviation of the age of the studied subjects were 66.18±5.67 and 65.18±6.9 years, respectively. The relationship between the diet quality index and depression score showed an inverse and significant relationship, so an increase in the diet quality index was associated with a decrease in depression score (beta coefficient: -0.281 and P=0.036). This index remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, level of education, body mass index, and energy (P= 0.049).
Conclusion: The findings of the current study revealed that Adhering to a diet with higher DQI-I had an inverse association with the risk of depression in the elderly. Further research is needed, especially prospective studies, to confirm these findings in Middle Eastern societies.