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Background and purpose: This study examines the ultrasound in diagnosing abnormal urological conditions in AmirKola Children's Hospital.
Materials and methods: Children with febrile acute pyelonephritis meeting specific inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study, encompassing those aged 1 month to 18 years during the period 2011-2021. Ultrasound was conducted to diagnose structural abnormalities of the urinary system.
Results: Indicate that enlarged kidneys above the normal size (29%) and hydronephrosis (27%) were the most common abnormalities. Among the findings, boys exhibited a higher prevalence of abnormalities compared to girls. Ultrasound was effective in diagnosing anomalies in children below two years (41%) and above two years (47%). E.coli (83%) was the most common microorganism across all age groups and genders.
Conclusion: The study suggests that ultrasound, as a non-invasive, accessible, and cost-effective method, is recommended for diagnosing urological abnormalities in children with febrile acute pyelonephritis.