---

Background and purpose: Resistin and Adiponectin play a crucial role in the diseases caused by obesity through regulating metabolic and inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of regular aerobic exercise on plasma levels of adiponectin and resistin in active young female. Materials and methods: Twenty active females (basketball player) were randomly divided into two groups of control and experimental. The experimental group performed aerobic exercise, four sessions in a week, for eight weeks with the intensity of 70-80% of HRmax, while the control group did not have any exercise. After eight weeks of aerobic exercise the BMI, body fat percentage, plasma resistin and adiponectin levels were measured. Sandwich ELISA was used to measure the levels of plasma resistin and adiponectin. Statistical analysis was performed by repeated measure and student t-test. Results: Results of this study showed that significant decreases in BMI and body fat percentage in the experimental group (P<0.05). The level of resistin also significantly reduced in the experimental group (P<0.05) while the level of adiponectin significantly increased in this group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Regular aerobic training in addition to reducing BMI, and body fat percentage reduced the levels of plasma resistin and increased the adiponectin level in active young female which could help in reducing the possibility of cardiovascular diseases. (Clinical Trials Registry Number: IRCT2012121511528N1)