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Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia) is one of most common intestinal parasites that infect a wide range of vertebrates including human, farm, and wild animals. Molecular studies indicate G. lamblia as a complex species, consisting of eight genetic assemblages (A to H). Recently, giardiasis has been identified as a zoonotic parasitic disease. The goal of this narrative study was to review the epidemiology of G. lamblia in the world, with emphasis on zoonotic aspects and also the molecular status and genotyping of G. lamblia in Iran. Moreover, the history of giardiasis in Iran between 1999 -2012 was investigated. In this study, we collected all information about molecular epidemiology of giardiasis in Iran and the world. Databases consisted of Magiran, Iranmedex, Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science direct, and Scopus. Based on our results the prevalence of giardiasis in Iran is between 2-36%. We found limited number of studies on the genotyping of G.lamblia in Iran. These studies found A II and B III as the most common assemblages. More studies are recommended to investigate the situation of giardiasis on human and animal samples in different parts of the world, especially in regions with paucity of information about the genotyping of giardiasis.

Keywords: Giardia, genotype, prevalence, Iran, world

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