Lotfollah Davoodi, , Farhang Babamahmoodi, Ali Mirabi, Ebrahim Mohammad Hosseini,
Volume 28, Issue 164 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Tuberculosis is a contagious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. Approximately 30% of the world's population is infected, 5-10% of whom develop active tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to determine the tuberculin skin test conversion.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 114 staff working in Qaemshahr Razi Hospital, 2015-2017. Demographic characteristics and the results of tuberculin skin test (TST) were recorded in a checklist. Data analysis was done in SPSS V20.
Results: The participants included 15.8% males and 84.2% females (mean age: 29.42±5.03). Among the subjects, 33% had latent tuberculosis. TST was positive in 11.4% in first evaluation and 36.84% had positive TST in the second assessment. TST seroconversion was observed in 25.44%, in 61.4% the working experience was more than 10 years, and 61.5% worked in infectious department. There were significant associations between the positive result of TST and age, gender, and working experience (P=0.002, P=0.021, and P=0.01, respectively). We observed significant differences in the results of TST between the first and second evaluation (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: Hospital staff are at high risk for developing tuberculosis due to direct contact with tuberculosis patients. Due to TST seroconversion they should be screened for TB annually. Isolation of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and practical trainings should be considered in order to prevent infection in staff. Personal protective equipment is also needed for individuals working in hospitals.
Atefeh Sadat Mohammad Hosseini Nezhad, Zeynab Ortegoli, Negar Malekshahi Fard, Fatemeh , Maryam Baazm,
Volume 33, Issue 1 (11-2023)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) is an organotin thermal stabilizer used in plastics manufacture, and has strong neurotoxicity, especially on the hippocampus. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of resveratrol, an antioxidant, in reducing the side effects of TMT on the hippocampus.
Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, TMT (8 mg/kg, single dose), ethanol, and resveratrol (30 mg/kg). Animals received six days of treatment with resveratrol. At the end of the treatment period, the spatial, working, and reference memories were investigated using a radial arm maze. Histological evaluation and the expression of Bax and Bcl2 were analyzed in the hippocampus.
Results: According to our findings, TMT damaged spatial, working, and reference memories. The number of pyknotic cells and the expression of Bax significantly increased (P˂0.05) while the expression of Bcl2 decreased (P˂0.05). In addition, resveratrol could improve these negative effects of TMT on the hippocampus (P˂0.05).
Conclusion: Resveratrol may prevent damages caused by TMT in the hippocampus of rat. Resveratrol might be a candidate for use as an adjunct therapy against the neurotoxicity of TMT.
