Fatemeh Hejazi, Mohammad Ahanjan, Ozra Akha, Maryam Salehiyan,
Volume 28, Issue 163 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common complications of diabetes. Asymptomatic bacteriuria or frequent symptomatic urinary tract infection are common in diabetic patients. Study of bacterial factors of UTI in these patients and the antibiotic resistance pattern and resistant strains are necessary.
Materials and methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 302 urine samples of diabetic patients attending Sari diabetes clinic (in 2015) were used. The specimens were cultured in Blood agar and McConkey and incubated at 37° C for 24 hours. Biochemical tests were done to identify the pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic susceptibility test was carried out by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion.
Results: Among the samples, 22.5% were positive for urinary tract infections including 76.4%
of the females’ samples and 32.6% of males’ samples. The most prevalent bacteria isolated were
group B Streptococcus (25%). According to antibiogram testing, the most sensitive antibiotic was chloramphenicol (70%) while cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ciprofloxacin were found to be highly resistant.
Conclusion: The study showed that the third generations of cephalosporins commonly used in treatment of UTI are not appropriate in diabetic patients. So, Chloramphenicol is recommended for treatment of these patients.
Behnam Hashemi, Alireza Rafiei, Reza Valadan, Maryam Abdollahi, Mohammad Ahanjan, Eisa Nazar, Zaher Morsaljahan, Rezvan Khajavi, Maryam Salehiyan,
Volume 28, Issue 164 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Increasing resistance to Quinolones in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia in Sari, has caused many problems in treatment. Mutation in gyrA gene lead to changes in amino acids and resistance against Fluoroquinolones in E. coli and K. pneumonia. This study aimed at identifying remarkable mutations in E. coli and K. pneumonia isolates using PCR-SSCP analysis.
Materials and methods: Antibiotic sensitivity test (ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid) was performed using Agar Disk Diffusion method. Resistance to fluoroquinolones was confirmed by E-test. (MIC experiment). We used PCR-SSCP method to detect mutation in gyrA (ser83 – asp 87) genes. Then, the PCR products were randomly sequenced.
Results: From 103 isolates, 65 (63.2 %) were E. coli and 38 (36.8%) were K. pneumoniae. In all E.coli isolates resistant to Ciprofloxacin, at least one mutation was observed. Also, in all K. pneumoniae samples resistant to Ciprofloxacin, at least one mutation was seen and in 14 samples two mutation points were observed, but in 5 samples that were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin no mutation was observed.
Conclusion: This study showed that the mutation in gyrA genes is closely related to quinolones resistance. High prevalence of quinolones resistance in E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates requires more appropriate infection control programs.
