---

Background and purpose : Çoronary diseases are the main cause of mortality in the world. Though many risk factors are described up to now, but there are unknow causing factors to be found out. This research was designed in order to determine the plasma level HDL relationship with acute myocardial infaction in the patients admitted in ÇÇÜ of Ïmam khomeini hospital in Sari, in 1998-1999.
Materials and Methods : This study was an analytic method performed on 100 referring patients. The test group comprised of 50 patients, whose ÂMÏ was confirmed by who criteria, while admitting in ÇÇÜ. 5ml Blood was drawn from all the confirmed cases 8 hours of admission. blood was centrifuged and plasma was separated by an expert technician. Total cholestrol, trichdyceride and glucose were ,easured, HDL-cholestrol was assayed enzymatically with ÇHÔD-PÂP. Fifty patients in Çontrol group were the referrals who seemed to be normal and were match for the age, sex, cigarette smoking, diabelies, family background hypertension, plasma cholestrol and tryglyceride. Finally the data were analyzed by descriptive and student T test.
Results : Ïn the group there were 37 males and 13 females, the mean for the age, blood pressure, glucose, level, total cholestrol, triglyceride, HDL-cholostrol, in the test and control groups were as follows, 60 ± 4 and 59 ± 6 years old, 101 ± 11 and 100 ± 8 mmHg, 128 ± 12 and 117 ± 18 ml/dl, 206 ± 59 and 202 ± 49 ml/dl, 171 ± 94 and 214 ± 122 ml/dl, 37 ± 10 and 41 ± 7 ml/dl respectively. The latest showed statistically significant difference (P<0.05).
Çonclusion : Çonsidering the low level of HDL-cholestrol, which is a probable eisk factor independent of the other risk factors known for the ischemic heart diseases. The routine measarement of HDL level is recommended. Ïn case of a low plasma level, an effective therapeutic methods such as taking routine exercise, giving up cigarette smoking, weight loss and implementation of pharmacological agents in severe reduction of the level in blood plasma is recommended.

---

Background and purpose: Considering some restrictions of serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) as a marker for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) risk factor and also the importance of apo B as a signinificant risk factor for CAD, measurement of non-HDL cholesterol has great value as a risk factor for CAD. Non-HDL cholesterol (total cholesterol minus HDL cholesterol) contains all lipoproteins including apo-lipoproteins.
Materials and methods: In this study, 200 hospitalized patients (100 men and 100 women) with the diagnosis of CAD, documented by coronary angiography and 100 persons with normal angiography were recruited as case and control groups, respectively. Non-HDL cholesterol non-HDL-c was compared with LDL- cholesterol as a risk factor for CAD.
Results: Measured levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, lipoprotein atherogenic a (Lpa) and non-HDL-c were significantly higher than those in control group. HDL level was lower in patients group. Correlation analysis showed that non-HDL-c (and not LDL cholesterol) had a higher reverse correlation Triglyceride level.
Conclusion: Measurement of non-HDL-c could be a good marker in atherogenic lipoproteins. Furthermore, due to potential power of its other atherogenic lipoproteins, it cannot be measured by LDL alone.

---

 Background and purpose: Recent studies suggest that HDL-C may not serve as a useful biomarker in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). The present study aimed to improve the prediction of CAD in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with nephropathy by substituting the activity of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) for HDL-C.  
Materials and methods: This study examined 48 T2D patients who underwent coronary angiographic examination. The subjects were divided into two groups: non-CAD and CAD. For measuring PON1 activity, the initial rate of substrate hydrolysis (phenylacetate) was spectrophotometrically assayed at 270 nm. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to compare the predictive performance of the study biomarkers.
Results: The area under the ROC curve showed increases in the diagnostic performance of the study atherogenic ratios by replacing HDL-C with the PON1 in T2D patients with nephropathy. LDL-C/PON1 (AUC=0.72, P=0.048) and log (TG/PON1) (AUC=0.81, P=0.005) had higher predictive powers compared with LDL-C/HDL-C (AUC=0.56, P=0.276) and log (TG/HDL-C) (AUC=0.67, p=0.038) for CAD risk assessment.
Conclusion: The ratios of LDL-C/PON1 and log (TG/PON1) improve the prediction of CAD in T2D patients with nephropathy. Our findings support efforts to practically use HDL function instead of HDL-C levels for CAD diagnosis.