Showing 3 results for Acute Kidney Injury
Jamshid Yazdani-Charati, Ariya Soleymani, Mohamadjavad Ebrahimi, Sima Beik, Elahe Rahimi,
Volume 28, Issue 163 (8-2018)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Acute kidney failure is one of the major problems around the world. It increases the rate of morbidity and mortality, and also leads to increased hospitalization time and health care costs. This study aimed at investigating the prevalence of acute kidney failure following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Materials and methods: In a descriptive study, 400 medical records of CABG cases in Mazandaran Herat Center (2013-2016) were studied using random sampling. Creatinine levels of 24 hours before and after the surgery were recorded in a checklist. Data were analyzed in SPSS V20 applying Logistic Regression Analysis.
Results: The patients studied included 59% males and 41% females. The mean age of patients was 61±9.05 years. The prevalence of acute renal failure was 13.5% following CABG. Based on univariate regression, gender (OR = 5.71, P < 0.0001), smoking (OR = 3.497, P = 0.006), BMI (OR =3.023, P =0.034), and BUN level (OR =3.026, P = 0.009) were found to be significantly associated with acute renal injury.
Conclusion: In this study, age, sex, smoking, BUN levels and BMI were associated with the incidence of acute kidney failure after CABG.
Fatemeh-Sadat Tabatabaei, Ehsan Alaee, Mahsa Besharat,
Volume 31, Issue 204 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Aminoglycosides (AG) such as Amikacin that are widely used to prevent and treat infections in neonates have nephrotoxic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of urinary index to Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in diagnosis of tubular renal injury following administration of Amikacin in neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Materials and methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 45 neonates admitted to NICU with confirmed sepsis undergone treatment with Amikacin and Ampicillin and 45 neonates were treated with Ampicillin and Cefotaxime. GFR was calculated using Schwartz's formula (serum creatinine/height * 0.45) and categorized based on Fanaroff table. In both groups, BUN, Cr, and GFR were measured at days one and seven. Data analysis was performed in SPSS.
Results: Two (4.4%) patients in the group treated with Amikacin and Ampicillin and one (2.2%) in the group who received Ampicillin and Cefotaxime developed acute kidney injury (AKI). GFR changes and Cr levels at day seven were not found to be significantly different between septic neonates treated with Amikacin and Ampicillin and neonates treated with other non-aminoglycosidic antibiotics (P>0.05).
Conclusion: There was no difference in incidence of AKI between neonates receiving Amikacin and Ampicillin and those who received Ampicillin and Cefotaxime. Hence, AKI in these neonates requires further evaluations.
Atieh Makhlough, Narges Mirzaei Ilali, David Darvishnia, Hadi Darvishi-Khezri, Ali Sharifipour, Hossein Mehravaran, Masoud Aliyali, Sepideh Safanavaiee, Siavash Abedi, Babak Eslami,
Volume 33, Issue 1 (11-2023)
Abstract
Background and purpose: Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) can cause acute kidney injury (AKI), and underlying kidney diseases worsen the prognosis of COVID-19 patients.
Materials and methods: This observational study examined the clinical and laboratory outcomes of patients with COVID-19 and assessed the major risk factors for death and intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization in COVID-19 patients. The sample consisted of 296 COVID-19 patients with or without underlying kidney diseases. In total, 37 patients died (mean age: 66.6 ± 17.6).
Results: Most patients who passed away initially suffered from shortness of breath (37.8%), cough (21.6%), old age, insulin use, central nervous system (CNS) disease, septic shock, hypoalbuminemia (P<0.0001), and high international normalized ratio (P<0.0001). Median time to death was higher in patients hospitalized in the ICU than in those without chronic kidney disease (OR=3.08; P=0.006). The use of azithromycin and ceftriaxone was lower than the use of Recigen and meropenem in deceased people (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: The risk of mortality and ICU hospitalization was higher in patients with CKD than in those without CKD. The results revealed the therapeutic effects of azithromycin and ceftriaxone and the side effects of Recigen and meropenem in deceased COVID-19 patients. In addition, low albumin level, high INR, neutrophil count, white blood cell (WBC) significantly increased the risk of death in these patients.