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Background and purpose: Cognitive models refer to the effect of early maladaptive schemas in formation of psychology pathologies in establishing psychological problems. This study aimed at determining the relation between early maladaptive schemas with procrastination and mental health of medical and non-medical students of Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences. Materials and methods: This correlational descriptive study was done using procrastination questionnaire (GP), early maladaptive schema of Yang (YSQ-SF) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) were applied to collect the data. The data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: The subjects included 462 students including 232 medical students and 230 non-medical students who were recruited according to accessibility features. There results showed a significant correlation between early maladaptive schema and procrastination and mental health in medical and non-medical students. Conclusion: This study verified the role of early maladaptive schema in psychological pathology and procrastination. However, further studies should be carried out to define and clarify the cognitive content of any psychological malfunction.

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Background and purpose: Early maladaptive schemas develop in childhood and result in high vulnerability to mental disorder. The aim of this study was investigating the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and depression in guidance school students in Falavarjan. Materials and methods: In a relational design study, 250 male students from guidance school in Falavarjan were selected using cluster sampling. To collect the data Schema Inventory for Children (2010) and Depression Self-Rating Scale (DSRS_R, Birleson, 1981) were used. Results: The results of Pearson correlation showed significant correlations between some maladaptive schemas such as loneliness, vulnerability, mistrust, defectiveness, failure, unrelated standards, entitlement and depression among 11-13 year-old boys. Furthermore, stepwise regression showed five schemas including loneliness, defectiveness, mistrust/abuse, vulnerability and unrelated standards could predict 38.4% depression on the studied population (p<0/05). Conclusion: This study found that early maladaptive schemas can predict significant rate of depression among adolescents. These findings confirmed cognitive theories of depression. Thus, it is necessary to consider maladaptive schemas in treatment plans for adolescent’s depression.

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Background and purpose: Attending to maltreatment is very important since it could have strong influence on different dimensions of personal and social life. The aim of this study was to predict major depression disorder based on childhood psychological maltreatment caused by maladaptive schemas and difficulties in emotion regulation.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in 300 patients with major depression disorder attending Sediq Psychiatry Center in Lorestan Province. They were selected by convenience sampling in November 2014 to February 2015. Data Data was collected using a demographic questionnaire, Psychological maltreatment Inventory (AMI-24), Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-75), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-36), and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D-24). 

Results: A positive significant relationship was found between psychological maltreatment and maladaptive schemas (a=0.01) (r=0.41, P<0.01) and difficulties in emotion regulation (a=0.05) (r=0.13, P<0.05). But there was no significant relationship between depression and psychological maltreatment (a=0.05) (r=0.11, P>0.05). Path analysis indicated that psychological maltreatment by the mediating role of maladaptive schemas and difficulties in emotion regulation could predict depression (P<0.01). Also, path of the psychological maltreatment to depression was not found to be significant (P>0. 05).

Conclusion: Considering the significant role of childhood psychological maltreatment by the mediating role of maladaptive schemas and difficulties in emotion regulation on predicting depression, clinical specialists are recommended to design appropriate clinical trials or modify current interventions.

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 Background and purpose: Identifying the nature of social anxiety through its causative factors can provide valuable information for the health system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a structural model for creating and maintaining factors causing social anxiety disorder in students in a medical sciences university.
Materials and methods: A descriptive-correlational study was performed in all students at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Online questionnaires were completed (n= 670), including social phobia inventory (SPIN), Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-3), Behavioral Activation/Inhibition Systems (BAS/BIS), Older Adult Social-Evaluative Situations Questionnaire (OASES), Social Phobia Safety Behaviors Scale (SPSBS), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Mini-Social Thoughts and Beliefs Scale (Mini-STABS), and Self-Beliefs Related to Social Anxiety Scale (SBSA). Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling and Bootstrap method using AMOS software.
Results: Fit indices showed that hypothetical research model has a good fit with the data. In the present model, positive significant relationships were found between social anxiety and the paths associated with behavioral inhibition, trust-abuse, defectiveness/shame, social isolation, unrelenting standards via mediators of social-evaluative situations, safety behaviors, emotion regulation, social thoughts and beliefs, and self-beliefs to social anxiety (P<0.0001). But, we observed no significant relationship between social anxiety and emotion regulation mediator path (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: Considering the role of etiology and maintenance factors in current model, it can be used in designing treatments for social anxiety and promoting the health of medical students.