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Babesiosis is one of the most important parasitic infectious diseases in livestock industry throughout the world. Studies with various diagnosis methods have been done on this disease, nevertheless the current status of using the diagnosis methods with high specificity and sensitivity is not well defined. Hence, this narrative review investigated the published articles on the status of Babesiosis and its diagnostic methods in Iran and the world. The data were collected from available scientific databases including Google scholar, Pub med, Web of science, Scopus, Springer, and Scientific Information Database (SID). We found many studies with different diagnostic methods for detection of genus and species of Babesia spp. In recent years, using specific diagnostic methods has increased, although traditional methods (peripheral blood smear) with low sensitivity are still applied in some parts of the world and also in Iran. Our investigations show that researchers frequently use molecular and serological methods to increase the accuracy of diagnosis.

Keywords: Babesiosis, diagnosis, peripheral blood smear, molecular method, serological method

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