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Background and purpose: Toxocariasis is a zoonotic infection that can affect the human eye, some viscera, and even the nervous system. The infection is worldwide and is more prevalent in areas with poor hygiene such as rural areas. This investigation aimed at studying the seroprevalence of toxocariasis in Qaemshahr, north of Iran, for the first time, and recognizing its risk factors in rural areas.
Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 370 people were selected from different rural areas and after completing a questionnaire, blood samples were collected. After isolation of serums, anti-Toxocara antibody was examined by ELISA kit (Novatec, Germany). Data were analyzed in SPSS V24 using logistic regression.
Results: Anti-Toxocara antibodies were detected in 159 (42.97%) patients. No significant association was observed between positive anti-Toxocara and variables studied (P>0.05). Among five selected areas, the rates of positive anti-Toxocara were significantly higher in two rural areas (P<0.05).
Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this study reported the highest seroprevalence of Toxocara in Iran. Physicians in this area are suggested to pay more attention to this infection. Due to the high seroprevalence of Toxocara in this region, further studies are required in other regions in Mazandaran province with a similar climate.

Keywords: Toxocariasis, Toxocara, ELISA, seroprevalence, Qaemshahr

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