Volume 34, Issue 237 (10-2024)
J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2024, 34(237): 194-200 |
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Ghaffari V, Ghorbani M. Evaluation of the outcome of newborns in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) of hospitals in Mazandaran province during 2021. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2024; 34 (237) :194-200
URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-19345-en.html
URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-19345-en.html
Abstract: (327 Views)
Background and Purpose: Infant mortality is one of the most important health indicators for any country, and understanding the causes and timing of infant deaths can aid in health and hygiene planning. Respiratory diseases are a leading cause of infant mortality, particularly among premature infants. This study was conducted to investigate the status of respiratory care for infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in hospitals in Mazandaran province.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive, retrospective study, information related to infants hospitalized during the year 1400 (2021-2022) in the NICUs of hospitals under the Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences was extracted from the Iman system and from patients' medical records. This system, launched in 1397 (2018-2019) under the supervision of the Infant Health Department, a subsidiary of the Deputy of Health of the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education, has been verified for accuracy through the use of trained personnel and repeated validation processes. As of 1399 (2020-2021), its data are considered reliable. The study population included all infants hospitalized in the NICUs of hospitals affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Given the availability of data for all infants hospitalized in the province's hospitals, there was no need for sampling. Therefore, all infants hospitalized in the NICUs during 1400 (2021-2022) were included in the study by census, amounting to 2,531 infants, according to the Iman system. The inclusion criteria were infants hospitalized in the NICUs, while the presence of major congenital anomalies at birth was an exclusion criterion. In this study, intubation was categorized as invasive ventilation, while other methods were classified as non-invasive ventilation. For the statistical analysis, parametric tests were used to test the study hypotheses after confirming the normality of the data. All data analyses were performed using SPSS software version 26.
Results: The gestational age of mothers ranged from 22 to 41 weeks, with a median and interquartile range of 37.0 (34.0-39.0) weeks. Of the 2,531 infants hospitalized in the NICUs during 1400 (2021-2022), 1,505 (59.5%) were boys and the rest were girls. Of all infants requiring respiratory support, 248 (9.8%) underwent invasive ventilation, while 579 (22.9%) underwent non-invasive ventilation. Pneumothorax was reported in 42 (1.7%) of the infants. A total of 112 (4.4%) infant deaths were reported. This mortality rate was 89 (21.5%) for infants under 32 weeks and 23 (1.1%) for infants over 32 weeks.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that, while the overall mortality rate of infants hospitalized in the NICUs was low, the mortality rate for very premature infants (under 32 weeks) was higher than that of developed countries and warrants further attention and investigation into the contributing factors. Additionally, about one-tenth of the hospitalized infants were transferred to other hospitals due to a need for more advanced equipment. Providing these hospitals with the necessary resources, including invasive ventilation devices, could potentially reduce infant mortality. The most common causes of death in NICU infants were respiratory distress syndrome, prematurity, and congenital malformations, respectively.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive, retrospective study, information related to infants hospitalized during the year 1400 (2021-2022) in the NICUs of hospitals under the Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences was extracted from the Iman system and from patients' medical records. This system, launched in 1397 (2018-2019) under the supervision of the Infant Health Department, a subsidiary of the Deputy of Health of the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education, has been verified for accuracy through the use of trained personnel and repeated validation processes. As of 1399 (2020-2021), its data are considered reliable. The study population included all infants hospitalized in the NICUs of hospitals affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Given the availability of data for all infants hospitalized in the province's hospitals, there was no need for sampling. Therefore, all infants hospitalized in the NICUs during 1400 (2021-2022) were included in the study by census, amounting to 2,531 infants, according to the Iman system. The inclusion criteria were infants hospitalized in the NICUs, while the presence of major congenital anomalies at birth was an exclusion criterion. In this study, intubation was categorized as invasive ventilation, while other methods were classified as non-invasive ventilation. For the statistical analysis, parametric tests were used to test the study hypotheses after confirming the normality of the data. All data analyses were performed using SPSS software version 26.
Results: The gestational age of mothers ranged from 22 to 41 weeks, with a median and interquartile range of 37.0 (34.0-39.0) weeks. Of the 2,531 infants hospitalized in the NICUs during 1400 (2021-2022), 1,505 (59.5%) were boys and the rest were girls. Of all infants requiring respiratory support, 248 (9.8%) underwent invasive ventilation, while 579 (22.9%) underwent non-invasive ventilation. Pneumothorax was reported in 42 (1.7%) of the infants. A total of 112 (4.4%) infant deaths were reported. This mortality rate was 89 (21.5%) for infants under 32 weeks and 23 (1.1%) for infants over 32 weeks.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that, while the overall mortality rate of infants hospitalized in the NICUs was low, the mortality rate for very premature infants (under 32 weeks) was higher than that of developed countries and warrants further attention and investigation into the contributing factors. Additionally, about one-tenth of the hospitalized infants were transferred to other hospitals due to a need for more advanced equipment. Providing these hospitals with the necessary resources, including invasive ventilation devices, could potentially reduce infant mortality. The most common causes of death in NICU infants were respiratory distress syndrome, prematurity, and congenital malformations, respectively.
Type of Study: Brief Report |
Subject:
infants
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