Volume 35, Issue 251 (12-2025)
J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2025, 35(251): 101-111 |
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Hassani P, Hosseini-khah Z, Sheibani S, Movahedi-Rad M, Sheidaie Z. Association of Blood Glucose Level Changes with the Severity of COVID-19 Infection in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2025; 35 (251) :101-111
URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-21242-en.html
URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-21242-en.html
Abstract: (27 Views)
Background and purpose: Given that many diabetic and non-diabetic patients experience hyperglycemia during the course of COVID-19, which may influence the severity of the disease, this study aimed to examine the patterns of blood glucose variation and their association with clinical manifestations and disease severity in diabetic and non-diabetic COVID-19 patients hospitalized at Sari Imam Khomeini Hospital.
Materials and methods: This case–control study was conducted on 130 COVID-19 patients, including 66 individuals with diabetes as the case group and 64 non-diabetic individuals as the control group. Data on demographics, medical history, symptoms, CT findings, laboratory results, and disease progression were collected via questionnaire. Subsequently, the severity of the disease, blood glucose fluctuations, and their associations with disease severity were compared between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Analyses were conducted using SPSS version 20, with statistical significance set at P<0.05.
Results: Diabetic COVID-19 patients were significantly older (61.77 ± 1.61 vs. 49.45 ± 2.06 years; P < 0.001) and had a higher BMI (P= 0.028) than non-diabetic patients, but hospitalization and ICU stay durations did not differ significantly (P> 0.05). Diabetic patients exhibited more severe disease compared with non-diabetic patients (P= 0.008). A significant correlation was observed between random blood glucose (BS) at admission (P= 0.048) and discharge (p = 0.004), as well as fasting blood glucose (FBS) at discharge (P= 0.004), and disease severity. However, no significant correlation was found between BS (P= 0.34) or FBS (P = 0.48) measured during hospitalization and disease severity. Neither BS nor FBS trajectories over time showed a significant association with disease severity (P= 0.21 and P= 0.70, respectively).
Conclusion: Hyperglycemia in diabetic COVID-19 patients may be linked to greater disease severity compared with non-diabetic patients. Fasting blood glucose levels, particularly at discharge, and random blood glucose at both admission and discharge, are significantly associated with severity, underscoring the need for clinicians to closely monitor blood glucose at these critical time points.
Materials and methods: This case–control study was conducted on 130 COVID-19 patients, including 66 individuals with diabetes as the case group and 64 non-diabetic individuals as the control group. Data on demographics, medical history, symptoms, CT findings, laboratory results, and disease progression were collected via questionnaire. Subsequently, the severity of the disease, blood glucose fluctuations, and their associations with disease severity were compared between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals. Analyses were conducted using SPSS version 20, with statistical significance set at P<0.05.
Results: Diabetic COVID-19 patients were significantly older (61.77 ± 1.61 vs. 49.45 ± 2.06 years; P < 0.001) and had a higher BMI (P= 0.028) than non-diabetic patients, but hospitalization and ICU stay durations did not differ significantly (P> 0.05). Diabetic patients exhibited more severe disease compared with non-diabetic patients (P= 0.008). A significant correlation was observed between random blood glucose (BS) at admission (P= 0.048) and discharge (p = 0.004), as well as fasting blood glucose (FBS) at discharge (P= 0.004), and disease severity. However, no significant correlation was found between BS (P= 0.34) or FBS (P = 0.48) measured during hospitalization and disease severity. Neither BS nor FBS trajectories over time showed a significant association with disease severity (P= 0.21 and P= 0.70, respectively).
Conclusion: Hyperglycemia in diabetic COVID-19 patients may be linked to greater disease severity compared with non-diabetic patients. Fasting blood glucose levels, particularly at discharge, and random blood glucose at both admission and discharge, are significantly associated with severity, underscoring the need for clinicians to closely monitor blood glucose at these critical time points.
Type of Study: Research(Original) |
Subject:
Endocrine diseases
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