Volume 34, Issue 242 (2-2025)
J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2025, 34(242): 38-47 |
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Khorshidi A, Roknoddini M, Sayehmiri K, Ghaisouri A. Investigating the Relationship Between Vaccination and Severe, Fatal Outcomes of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2025; 34 (242) :38-47
URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-21393-en.html
URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-21393-en.html
Abstract: (324 Views)
Background and purpose: COVID-19 is one of the most dangerous diseases of the present century, and the most effective way to protect against it is through vaccination. This study aimed to examine the impact of vaccination on preventing severe and fatal outcomes from COVID-19 in Hormozgan Province.
Materials and methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 18,788 patients aged over 18 years with COVID-19 were included. Sampling was conducted through a census, and data analysis was performed using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and ordinal logistic regression models. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.
Results: The odds of experiencing severe and fatal outcomes in unvaccinated patients were 2.1 times higher compared to vaccinated individuals (P< 0.001). Male sex (OR= 1.6, P< 0.001), age over 35 years (OR= 2.1, P< 0.001), a history of cardiovascular disease (OR = 2.4, P< 0.001), diabetes (OR = 1.4, P< 0.001), cancer (OR= 3.3, P< 0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR= 2.3, P< 0.001), and chronic lung disease (OR = 1.9, P<0.001) were all statistically significant risk factors for severe and fatal outcomes.
Conclusion: Vaccination against COVID-19 significantly reduces the risk of severe and fatal outcomes. Additionally, chronic and debilitating diseases are associated with an increased likelihood of death and severe outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Efforts to increase vaccination coverage, particularly among vulnerable groups, are strongly recommended.
Materials and methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 18,788 patients aged over 18 years with COVID-19 were included. Sampling was conducted through a census, and data analysis was performed using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and ordinal logistic regression models. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.
Results: The odds of experiencing severe and fatal outcomes in unvaccinated patients were 2.1 times higher compared to vaccinated individuals (P< 0.001). Male sex (OR= 1.6, P< 0.001), age over 35 years (OR= 2.1, P< 0.001), a history of cardiovascular disease (OR = 2.4, P< 0.001), diabetes (OR = 1.4, P< 0.001), cancer (OR= 3.3, P< 0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR= 2.3, P< 0.001), and chronic lung disease (OR = 1.9, P<0.001) were all statistically significant risk factors for severe and fatal outcomes.
Conclusion: Vaccination against COVID-19 significantly reduces the risk of severe and fatal outcomes. Additionally, chronic and debilitating diseases are associated with an increased likelihood of death and severe outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Efforts to increase vaccination coverage, particularly among vulnerable groups, are strongly recommended.
Type of Study: Research(Original) |
Subject:
Epidemiology
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