Volume 35, Issue 252 (12-2025)
J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2025, 35(252): 18-31 |
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Karimi A A, Moradi L, Rahmati Ahmad Abad S, Abedi B. The Impact of Aerobic Training Combined with Hydrogenated Water Therapy on Serum IL-6 and TNF-α Levels, and the Clinical Status of Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2025; 35 (252) :18-31
URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-22114-en.html
URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-22114-en.html
Abstract: (264 Views)
Background and purpose: Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder that is associated with increased inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and TNF-α, and decreased quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise and hydrogenated water therapy on serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, as well as the clinical status of patients with Parkinson's disease.
Materials and methods: In this clinical trial, 32 patients with Parkinson's disease (stages II and III, aged 30-80 years) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: control, aerobic exercise, hydrogenated water therapy, and a combination of aerobic exercise and hydrogenated water therapy. To minimize evaluator bias, assessors of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and biochemical indices were blinded. The intervention groups participated in three sessions per week of aerobic exercise (at an intensity of 60–80% of maximum heart rate) and/or consumed 1000 mL of hydrogenated water daily for four weeks. Serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were measured using ELISA, and clinical symptoms were evaluated using the UPDRS questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, paired t-test, two-way covariance analysis (MANCOVA), and post hoc LSD tests, with a significance level of P ≤ 0.05.
Results: The groups were comparable in terms of baseline variables (age, body mass index, initial levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and UPDRS scores) as determined by ANOVA (P > 0.05). All three intervention groups showed a significant decrease in serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α compared to the control group (P ≤ 0.05). The combined group (aerobic exercise + hydrogenated water therapy) exhibited the most significant reduction in these inflammatory markers (P = 0.0001). Moreover, clinical symptoms improved in all intervention groups, with the most pronounced reduction seen in the combined aerobic exercise and hydrogenated water therapy group (aerobic exercise: P = 0.001, hydrogenated water therapy: P = 0.004, combined: P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: The combination of aerobic exercise and hydrogenated water therapy can be an effective, non-invasive intervention to reduce systemic inflammation and improve the clinical status of patients with Parkinson's disease.
Clinical Trials Registry Number IRCT20250714066487N1
Materials and methods: In this clinical trial, 32 patients with Parkinson's disease (stages II and III, aged 30-80 years) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: control, aerobic exercise, hydrogenated water therapy, and a combination of aerobic exercise and hydrogenated water therapy. To minimize evaluator bias, assessors of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and biochemical indices were blinded. The intervention groups participated in three sessions per week of aerobic exercise (at an intensity of 60–80% of maximum heart rate) and/or consumed 1000 mL of hydrogenated water daily for four weeks. Serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were measured using ELISA, and clinical symptoms were evaluated using the UPDRS questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, paired t-test, two-way covariance analysis (MANCOVA), and post hoc LSD tests, with a significance level of P ≤ 0.05.
Results: The groups were comparable in terms of baseline variables (age, body mass index, initial levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and UPDRS scores) as determined by ANOVA (P > 0.05). All three intervention groups showed a significant decrease in serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α compared to the control group (P ≤ 0.05). The combined group (aerobic exercise + hydrogenated water therapy) exhibited the most significant reduction in these inflammatory markers (P = 0.0001). Moreover, clinical symptoms improved in all intervention groups, with the most pronounced reduction seen in the combined aerobic exercise and hydrogenated water therapy group (aerobic exercise: P = 0.001, hydrogenated water therapy: P = 0.004, combined: P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: The combination of aerobic exercise and hydrogenated water therapy can be an effective, non-invasive intervention to reduce systemic inflammation and improve the clinical status of patients with Parkinson's disease.
Clinical Trials Registry Number IRCT20250714066487N1
Type of Study: Research(Original) |
Subject:
Sport Physiology
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