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Background and purpose: Helicobacter pylorus is a well-recognized cause of chronic active gastritis, peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and linked to the development of gastric adenocarcinoma. Heat shock protein (HSP) acts as molecular chaperons in the folding of newly synthesized proteins in cells and assist in the refolding of damaged proteins.The HSP70-2 gene has a pst1 site due to an A to G transition at the 1267 position and different genotypes of the HSP70-2 gene have been shown to be associated with a different level of HSP70 mRNA expression. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between polymorphism of the HSP70-2 gene and susceptibility to helicobacter pylori infection. Materials and methods: The studied population comprised of 100 subjects, attending the Endoscopy Center of Hafez Hospital in Shiraz, Iran. All the subjects underwent upper gastroscopy. RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis was performed for 1267G/A polymorphism of HSP70-2 gene in all the subjects. Results: After gastroscopy, 50 cases with H. pylori infection and 50 cases with normal gastric tissues were considered as the controls. In the normal subjects, the HSP70-2 genotype distribution was 20 AA (40%), 26 AG (52%), and 4 GG (8%). Meanwhile, the HSP70-2 genotype distribution in patients were 5 AA (10%), 43 AG (86%) and 2 GG (4%). Conclusion: The analysis showed that the AG genotype increased the risk of peptic ulcer (OR = 6.61, 95% CI = 2.21-19.76, P = 0.0007). The results of this study suggested that HSP70-2 polymorphism may be involved in susceptibility to helicobacter pylori infection.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, HSP70-2, polymorphism

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