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Pantoprazole is a proton-pump inhibitor that is commonly prescribed for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux-related disorders. Acute interstitial nephritis is an uncommon though important side-effect of these classes of drugs. We reported a case with acute interstitial nephritis due to pantoprazole. A 25-year-old woman from Ardabil was admitted to our hospital with the complaint of fever, abdominal pain, icterus, oliguria, nausea and vomiting. In laboratory investigations, she had leukocytosis, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. The patient was diagnosed with sepsis, acute pancreatitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and she was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics, hemodialysis and plasmapheresis. One week after treatment, symptoms were improved, and serum creatinine was decreased. Due to the dyspepsia, pantoprazole was prescribed. Following the administration of pantoprazole, serum creatinine was increased again. Urinalysis revealed pyuria and white blood cell (WBC) cast, and a subsequent renal biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of acute interstitial nephritis. Physicians should be aware that drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis can be associated with proton-pump inhibitors. Early detection of this rare adverse reaction may prevent acute renal failure.

Keywords: Acute interstitial nephritis, pantoprazole, acute renal failure

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