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Background and purpose: Several studies have identified the role of several risk factors for breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate the performance rate of breast cancer screening methods and its relationship with breast cancer risk factors in women of Mazandaran province, Iran. Materials and methods: In this descriptive analytical study, the sample was 1416 women of over 20 years of Mazandaran province. Questionnaire was completed by interviewers visiting rural and urban households. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results: The performance rate was 14.3% for regular monthly breast self-exam (BSE) and 20.7% for the regular annual clinical breast examination. Among breast cancer risk factors, 12.9% of menarche before 12 years of age, 6.9% of delayed menopause (above 55 years of age), 9.5% of history of benign breast diseases, 3.9% of hormone therapy, 6.1% of positive family history in first-degree relatives, and 10% of positive family history in second-degree relatives were seen. There was a significant correlation between a history of benign breast disease with clinical examination and mammography performance (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Despite the risk factors of breast cancer, the performance rate of breast cancer screening methods among women at high risk for breast cancer was very low and poor.

Keywords: Breast cancer, risk factors, screening

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