Background and purpose: In Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM), human body is composed of substances called humors. Any change in quantity or/and quality of these humors causes many diseases and their treatment requires purgation of pathogenic substances. Among the drugs introduced in ITM, ‘Maoljobon’ is considered with wide uses. This drug with nutritional benefits is used both alone and in combination with other drugs. Purification of the body from wastes is its obvious therapeutic effect and some physicians opt it for its features in order to abstain from potent drugs that have harmful effects on human body. Maoljobon is derived from milk. Type of milk and making procedure affect its temperament (Mizaj), but it is considered to be mainly warm and somewhat wet. Consumption of laxatives is not recommended in hot seasons, but Maoljobon can be used in every season, especially in spring while following the principles. In ITM, therapeutic effects of Maoljobon is mentioned in many diseases such as stroke, amnesia, headache, obsession, cancer, joint diseases, kidney and bladder stones, varices, and hemorrhoid. Recent studies also showed its various properties including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertension, anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties. Perception of the nature and effects of Maoljobon in addition to accurate and reference-based clinical usages can underlie widespread researches in this regard.