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Background and purpose: Nanosilver particles are associated with oxidative stress due to free radical production. Long-term use of antioxidant agents could result in harmful production of free radicals. This study assessed the protective and antioxidant effects of Peganumharmala L.onmalemicetreated with nanosilver particles. Materials and methods: In this study 32 male Albino mice (25-30gr) were divided into four groups one control group and three intervention groups. The intervention groups included a group receiving 500 ppm nanosilver particles, a group fed 20 mg/kg/day by ethanolic extract of P.harmalafor 30 days, and a group which was given ethanolic extract of P.harmalaorally and the same dose of nanosilver particles. Onthreeconsecutive day sat the beginning of the experiment intraperitoneal injections of nanosilver were performed. Post-treatment blood samples were collectedfromthe hearts and the activity of serum catalase (CAT) and glutathioneperoxidase (GPx) I nredblood cell and concentration of serummalondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. Results: In the mice treated with nanosilver particles the MDA concentration significantly increased, while significant decreases were seen in GPx and CAT activities (P<0.001). However, P.harmalaextract reversed these effects i.e. it increased GPx and CAT activities and decreased the MDA level significantly (P<0.001). Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of P. harmalawith antioxidant properties is believed to decrease thefreeradicals produced by silvernanoparticles.

Keywords: Nanosilver, Peganumharmala, catalase, glutathioneperoxidase, malondialdehyde

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