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Background and purpose: As professional antigen- presenting cells, dendritic cells are a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity by stimulating T lymphocytes. Recent research has demonstrated the extra ability of the myeloid cells plasticity into different cells in response to environmental stimuli. In the present study, the effect of using combination maturation factors (MCM, TNF-α, poly (I:C)) and ability of myeloid dendritic cell plasticity as fully differentiated cells were examined. Material and Methods: Peripheral blood monocytes in effect of IL-4 and GM-CSF differentiated into immature dendritic cells during 4 days.On day 4 and day 5, the extracts of breast cancer tumor cells as antigen and mentioned maturation factors were added respectively. On day 7 upon confirmation of morphology and function, the culture of a group of them continued until the tenth day (without adding cytokines) and their morphology was compared with dendritic cells in day 7. Results: The generated dendritic cells have been appropriate status in morphology and function and cytokines assay revealed high levels of IL-10 in compared with IL-12. The continuity of dendritic cells culture cause to convert them to morphological macrophage-like cells. Conclusion: Our results support this idea that using a combination of mentioned maturation factors led to generate tolerogenic dendritic cells and in the absence of IL-4 and GM-CSF reuse, without medium exchange and high levels of IL-10 were known as the three factors that induced dendritic cell plasticity into macrophage-like cells.

Keywords: Dendritic cell, Plasticity, Macrophage-like cells

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