Volume 35, Issue 248 (9-2025)
J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2025, 35(248): 17-31 |
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momen Z, fazeli dinan M, shahani S, azadbakht M, mirzaee F, nikokar H et al . Laboratory Evaluation of the Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oils from Three Mentha Species Against Anopheles stephensi. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2025; 35 (248) :17-31
URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-21455-en.html
URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-21455-en.html
Zahra Momen 
, Mahmoud Fazeli dinan , Somaye Shahani , Mohammad Azadbakht , Fateme Mirzaee , Hassan Nikokar , Ahmad Ali Enayati
, Mahmoud Fazeli dinan , Somaye Shahani , Mohammad Azadbakht , Fateme Mirzaee , Hassan Nikokar , Ahmad Ali Enayati
Abstract: (15 Views)
Background and purpose: Considering the increasing resistance of disease-transmitting mosquitoes, particularly malaria vectors, to chemical insecticides, as well as the environmental and health concerns arising from their excessive use, this study investigates the insecticidal effects of essential oils from three native Mentha species in Mazandaran Province on Anopheles stephensi larvae, which could contribute to the development of safe and effective plant-based insecticides.
Materials and methods: In this laboratory experimental study, the samples of three Mentha species were collected from different regions of Mazandaran Province. Essential oils were extracted using the Clevenger apparatus. The chemical composition of the essential oils was analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Bioassays were conducted on late third- and early fourth-instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi following the World Health Organization (WHO) protocol. Data were analyzed using probit regression in RStudio, and LC₂₅, LC₅₀, and LC₉₉ values were calculated.
Results: According to the LC₂₅, LC₅₀, and LC₉₉ values, pennyroyal exhibited the highest larvicidal activity, with values of 57.50, 77.64, and 218.80 mg/L, respectively, while peppermint showed the lowest activity, with values of 106.88, 143.29, and 393.75 mg/L, respectively. Based on the GC–MS analysis, the number of identified chemical compounds in the essential oils of peppermint, pennyroyal, and water mint was 30, 40, and 43, respectively. The most abundant compound identified in the essential oils of peppermint, pennyroyal, and water mint was menthol (23.61%), piperitenone oxide (22.63%), and 1,8-cineole (18.54%), respectively. Moreover, 1,8-cineole was observed as a common constituent in the essential oils of all three species.
Conclusion: It was found that all three plants exhibited significant larvicidal effects against Anopheles stephensi larvae. Considering that plant-derived insecticides and medicines generally have fewer side effects than chemical compounds, the findings of this study provide valuable insights into the potential use of essential oils as safe and effective alternatives to conventional chemical insecticides.
Materials and methods: In this laboratory experimental study, the samples of three Mentha species were collected from different regions of Mazandaran Province. Essential oils were extracted using the Clevenger apparatus. The chemical composition of the essential oils was analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Bioassays were conducted on late third- and early fourth-instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi following the World Health Organization (WHO) protocol. Data were analyzed using probit regression in RStudio, and LC₂₅, LC₅₀, and LC₉₉ values were calculated.
Results: According to the LC₂₅, LC₅₀, and LC₉₉ values, pennyroyal exhibited the highest larvicidal activity, with values of 57.50, 77.64, and 218.80 mg/L, respectively, while peppermint showed the lowest activity, with values of 106.88, 143.29, and 393.75 mg/L, respectively. Based on the GC–MS analysis, the number of identified chemical compounds in the essential oils of peppermint, pennyroyal, and water mint was 30, 40, and 43, respectively. The most abundant compound identified in the essential oils of peppermint, pennyroyal, and water mint was menthol (23.61%), piperitenone oxide (22.63%), and 1,8-cineole (18.54%), respectively. Moreover, 1,8-cineole was observed as a common constituent in the essential oils of all three species.
Conclusion: It was found that all three plants exhibited significant larvicidal effects against Anopheles stephensi larvae. Considering that plant-derived insecticides and medicines generally have fewer side effects than chemical compounds, the findings of this study provide valuable insights into the potential use of essential oils as safe and effective alternatives to conventional chemical insecticides.
Keywords: Anopheles stephensi, larvicidal, essential oils, Mentha longifolia, Mentha aquatica, Mentha piperita
Type of Study: Research(Original) |
Subject:
Medical Entomology
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