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Background and purpose: Because of theirmultipotency and ease of purification, amplification and ‎immunomodulatory properties Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), are anideal stem cell source for cell therapies. ‎This study was done to investigat the effect of Rat MSCs on the survival neutrophils.‎ Materials and methods: MSCs was isolated from rat (6-8 weeks) femoral and tibial bone marrow and ‎cultured in DMEM. Then maturation MSCs were incubated with neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood of ‎rat at 37 ° C for 1 h. Neutrophil survival was measured at 6 and 24 h incubation with of MSCs by flow ‎cytometric analysis using An/PI. Data were analyzed by SPSSsoftware, followed by Tukeytest at a significance ‎level of (P<0.05).‎ Results: The 6-hour incubation of neutrophils with MSCs, significantly reduced the percentage of ‎normal cells and increased apoptosis compared to controls and increased cell necrosis was not significant in ‎the treated group than in control. The 24-hour incubation of neutrophils with MSCs, significantly increased the ‎percentage of healthy cells and apoptosis was reduced compared to the control group, and reduced cell ‎necrosis was not significant in the treated groups than in control (p<0.05).‎ Conclusion: In spite of the clinical importance of MSCs, some biological aspects of them including ‎their self-renewal, proliferation and immune modulatory effects are of great therapeutic potential for cell ‎therapy.‎

Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells, Neutrophil, Survival

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