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Background and purpose: Abortion has several types, and different reasons are associated with pregnancy loss. Immunological mechanism is one of the abortion causes. HLA-G is a non-classical molecule of type Ib MHC that has limited polymorphism and mainly express on fetal trophoblastic cell, therefore, it has been suggested that this has a potential role in maintaining fetal–maternal relationship. The aim of this study was to assess the HLA-G null allele polymorphism in women with threatened abortion (TA) in comparison with controls. Material and Methods: In a case-control study, five milliliters of peripheral blood was taken from 101 women who had experienced TA and control group too. All subjects gave informed consent and agreed to give blood sample for HLA-G polymorphism analaysis.DNA was extracted from the samples and using restriction enzyme, polymerase chain reaction (RFLP PCR) had been done. Data was analyzed with SPSS 18. Results: In this study, 202 women with TA and normal pregnant women ages 17-37 were assessed. 59% of TA women show heterozygotes and 25% functional homozygote genotypes that have significant difference in comparison with the control group (P<0.001). There was not any significant difference in another genotype and allele among groups. Conclusion: The outcome of this study shows that the frequency of heterozygote and functional homozygote genotypes has a significant relation with TA women and so this suggests that null allele screening could be an index in disease indication and treatment in recurrent and threatened abortion patients.

Keywords: HLA-G, threatened abortion, genotype, functional homozygote

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